Tayal

Xikoutai is located on the river terrace at the Dahan River mouth, opposite Jiaobanshan in Fuxing District, Taoyuan City. It is 400 to 500 meters above sea level and is divided into two terraces. The traditional Atayal name for the place is Rahaw or Takan, which means extended stairs. According to legend, there are two origins of how the name Xikoutai came from. The first one is literally the terrace at the mouth of Dahan River (Xikou means river mouth, Tai means terrace). The other saying is that when Chiang Kai-shek visited this place, he looked at Xikoutai from Jiaobanshan and marveled at the river mouth that looked like Xikou Town, his hometown in Fenghua County.

During the Japanese occupation, Taiwan’s Government-General once set up a fort on the opposite side of Xikoutai. Later, the Atayal tribe was collectively moved to the hamlet here. The Xikoutai paddy field that we see today was cultivated then.

The Governor Sakuma Memorial Memorial in the Fuxing District of Taoyuan City is located in Jiaobanshan Park. The current Fuxing Pavilion is where the original monument used to stand. Sakuma Samata, who served as the Governor of Taiwan for 9 years, used strong military means to attack the indigenous peoples. Jiaobanshan was the place where the Lifan project (regulating Indigenes) began during the Japanese occupation. Therefore, a stone monument was erected there to celebrate his achievements. The Monument was completed in 1930, and is made of granite, with a circular base, a spiral staircase and a low stone wall. In the post-war period, the Nationalist Government demolished the monument and rebuilt it into the current Fuxing Pavilion. Nowadays, there are still parts of the monument lying beside the Fuxing Pavilion.

The Fuxing Youth Activity Center in Fuxing District, Taoyuan City is located in Jiaobanshan Park. It was originally built during the Japanese occupation as Jiaobanshan Guesthouse and Guards’ Residence (Xunfenge). The main purpose was to entertain Japan's Prince Hirohito (Emperor Showa) who visited Taiwan in 1923. At that time, the then Governor of Taiwan, Sakuma Samata chose high-grade cypress trees to build an expensive guesthouse on the south side of the current Jiaobanshan Park. There was also a guard residence, called Xunfenge, built next to the guest house. However, Prince Hirohito did not stay over; instead, the guest house was used to entertain VIPs. In 1992, the guest house was burnt down by a fire, and in the following year, the original site was rebuilt as the current Fuxing Youth Activity Center. The Xunfenge, however, still maintains the original Japanese style.

Jiaobanshan (Mount Jiaoban) is located in the Fuxing District of Taoyuan City. With an altitude of 480 to 600 meters, it sits on the south-facing slope on the right bank of the Dahan River. From the southern side, Jiaobanshan faces the Raho Hamlet across the Dahan River. The traditional Atayal name for Jiaobanshan is Ketesiya. Due to the lack of flat land, it is also known as Mount Bija, which means barren land. In the past, the Atayal hamlet in the Jiaobanshan area had 4 hunting grounds, mainly on the slopes north from the present public office in the Fuxing District.

Today, Jiaobanshan is the administrative, education and economic center in the Fuxing District. The people living here are mostly Han, and there are many historic heritage buildings from the Japanese occupation period such as shrines, camphor storage houses, dormitories, and Sakuma Monument.

Dapan is located in Heping District, Taichung City, about 1,450 meters above sea level. After the completion of the Dajia River Historic Trail in the middle of the Japanese occupation, the Dapan Police Post was set up there. While the then Governor-General in Taiwan, Hasegawa Kiyoshi, patrolled the indigenous territories and dropped by to inspect the Dajia power development project in 1941, he once looked to the planned site of the Dajian Electric Power Fortification from Dapan. During the Japanese occupation, the Dapan suspension bridge was erected.  It was the longest suspension bridge on the Dajia River Historic Trail that connected Dapan and Dajian. In the post-war period, the suspension bridge was damaged and converted into a composite bridge. Since then it has undergone many reconstructions. In 2010, the current Dapan Bridge was rebuilt and opened to traffic. The bridge now leads to Deji and Jiayang.

Jiayang Hamlet is located on the Jiayang Alluvial Fan on the right bank of Dajia River in Heping District, Taichung City. The Atayal people of Jiayangshe originally lived here. However, when the National Government built the Deji Reservoir after the war, the rising water level flooded the original Jiayang Hamlet. Therefore, a new settlement was formed, located 5 km northeast of Deji Reservoir. During the preparation of building the Central Cross-Island Highway, the Executive Yuan, the Taiwan Provincial Government, the Taichung County Government, the Taiwan Electric Power Company and other units set up a special team to be responsible for the drafting, review and implementation of Xin Jiayang Village construction plan. The construction was completed in 1968 and there were indigenous residential houses, unit staff dormitories and public facilities.

Jiayangtai is located on the terrace, right of the Dajia Riverbank in Heping District, Taichung City, and was the original residing place for the Atayal people of Jiayangshe. However, in the post-war period, when the Nationalist Government built the Deji Reservoir in response to the completion of the reservoir project,  the rising water level flooded the original Jiayang Hamlet. Therefore, Xin (new) Jiayang was built 5 km northeast of Deji Reservoir. During the preparations for the construction of the Central Cross-Island Highway, The Executive Yuan, the Taiwan Provincial Government, the Taichung County Government, the Taiwan Electric Power Company and other units set up a special team to be responsible for the drafting, review and implementation of Xin Jiayang Village construction plan. The construction was completed in 1968 with indigenous residential houses, unit staff dormitories and public facilities.

Xin Jiayang is located 5 km northeast of Deji Reservoir in Heping District, Taichung City. After the completion of the reservoir project, the rising water level flooded the original Jiayang Hamlet. Therefore, a new settlement was formed. In the post-war period, the Nationalist Government prepared for the construction of the Central Cross-Island Highway. The Executive Yuan, the Taiwan Provincial Government, the Taichung County Government, the Taiwan Electric Power Company and other units set up a special team to be responsible for the drafting, review and implementation of Xin Jiayang Village construction plan. The construction was completed in 1968 with indigenous residential houses, unit staff dormitories and public facilities.

The Nanshi Hamlet is located on the flat terrace, right of Dajia riverbank, at the southern foothills of Chuyunshan in Heping District, Taichung City. The people of Nanshi Hamlet originally lived in Baimaoshe near the Baimaoxishan ridge and Alengshe in the northern valley of the Alengshan. However, in the early days of Japanese rule, with the establishment of the Aiyong Border in Baimaoshan ridge, the people of Baimaoshe and Alengshe migrated downwards to live in the lower reaches of Baimao River. In 1927, they moved with the people from nearby hamlets to the present location and named it Nanshi Hamlet. Since the residents of the Nanshi Hamlet mainly came from Baimaoshe and Alengshe, the hamlet was also known as the new Baimao.

Guguan is located in Heping District, Taichung City. When the Governor-General in Taiwan began to excavate a road to Lishan in the middle of the Japanese occupation period, the Meiji Police Post, which is the current Guguan Police Dormitory, was set up the same time the Dajia River Historic Trail was completed in 1923. Dajia River Historic Trail, which connects to the Beiyanan Historic Trail in the north, was an important indigene road that leads to Nenggao County in Taichung during the Japanese occupation. In 1967, the Guguan Police Station was established. Although the building was originally built during the Japanese occupation, it was located at a different site from the Meiji Police Post.