Road Excavation and Indigene Management

Senyong Presbyterian Church
影像為森永基督長老教會,設立於1957年12月

The residents of this hamlet were originally residents of old Dagu (Tjarilik) and neighboring Gutanas and Enivaian hamlets. They moved here in 1953 due to the inconvenience of living in a steep mountainous area. The tribesmen of old Dagu hamlet chose to live on the land where Morinaga Hoshinaen Co. Ltd. specialized in planting quinine, coffee, and tea during the Japanese occupation. Later, this hamlet was named Senyong (Morinaga) after the farm. Tjarilik, the name of the old tribe of the Paiwan people, means steep mountains, while Gutanas means the tribe on the cliff, and Enivaianmeans a place with big and sacred trees.

Tianjun Temple
影像為蘇澳砲台山的天君廟。

The stone lion base in front of the Tianjun Temple was originally the x base for the stone lanterns of Kotohira Shrine. The pair of stone lanterns from the Kotohira Shrine was moved to both sides of the entrance of the Tianjun Temple. Therefore, the remaining base was painted yellow and a small stone lion was placed on it. The age and the name of the donor can still be seen on the base. The left and right bases have the engraving of "Showa 6th Year" (1931) and "Showa 4th Year" (1929) respectively, which clearly prove that they belong to the Kotohira Shrine.

Heren Hamlet
影像為蘇花公路遠眺和仁部落。

The image shows Heren hamlet in the distance, a view from the Suhua Highway. The hamlet belongs to the Truku tribe and  is located on the  left bank terrace of the Liangli River estuary. It sits 45 meters above sea level, faces the Pacific Ocean in the east, mountains in the west, Liangli River and Chongde village in the south, and is 4 kilometers adjacent to the Hezhong community in the north. The original hamlet, Btakan-she, was established on the mountainside opposite the current location and was only moved to the current location after the Japanese occupation. Truku people named the hamlet “Qnragan", which later on becomes "Qnagan". It means bare trees because when the tribesmen first arrived here, it was  so windy that trees were blown down, and leaves were falling that making them bare. During the Japanese rule, some tribes such as Skadang, Squrxan, Bmux, Quwis, Lapax moved into the hamlet. At the end of the Japanese rule, the people relocated to what is today’s Zhihezhong community. After the war, they moved back but west of the current location and named it Heren.  In 1948 the hamlet got washed away by a typhoon and so the people moved to the present site.

South End of Chongde Tunnel
影像為2011年所拍攝的蘇花公路176公里處的崇德隧道南口。

The Chongde Tunnel was opened to traffic on August 10, 1990, with a total length of about 325 meters. The Shigangzai section of Suhua Historic Trail still remains above the tunnel and can be reached from the south end of Chongde Tunnel.  In 2012, it was attacked by moderate typhoon Sula, and the area for car parking at the south end of the tunnel was washed away due to heavy rain.

 The Shigangzai section of the Suhua Historic Trai belongs to the Taroko National Park and is temporarily closed, and due to the rapid climate change in recent years, the Taroko National Park Headquarters has no restoration plan. This trail is one of the coastal Lifan roads excavated in the 3rd year of Taisho (1914). Today, there are still complete stone steps along the way, where you can overlook the Qingshui cliff.

Suhua Historic Trail (Shigangzi section)II
經太魯閣國家公園管理處重新整修後的蘇花古道(石硿子段)與整齊劃一的疊石

The investigation by Yang Nanjun, an ancient trail researcher, confirmed that the preservation of the North Suhua Historic Trail was not as good as the other two trails. The main reason is that most of the uphill and downhill sections use timber steps, which are more prone to decay. Also, with the defense and attack of indigenous people, officials and others tend to take the safer sea route. 

After his investigation, the Shigangzi trail between the south entrance of the Chongde Tunnel and Shigangzi is the most complete. Yang pointed out that the average width of the Shigangzai trail is 120 cm, and there are lower ridges at the cliffs. One of the broken rock zones is paved with stones to form a flat road with a width of 180 cm. It is one of the important landscape assets of Taroko National Park to provide a view of Qingshui Cliff directly into the Pacific Ocean.

 

Ciwang Presbyterian Church
影像為位於花蓮縣富世村的臺灣基督長老教會,為紀念一位名為姬望的太魯閣族婦人,故命名為姬望紀念教會。

Ciwang.Iwal (1872-1946) was the first Truku Christian to be baptized. When Ciwan was in trouble, she met Li Shuiche of the Hualien Port Church who preached the gospel to her. In June of the 13th year of Taisho (1924), she was baptized by Pastor Liu Junchen of the Hualien Port Church and became the first Christian of the Truku tribe. In the 4th year of the Showa era (1929), when Pastor Sun Yage, a missionary, went to the east, he personally brought Ciwang to Tamsui Women's Bible College for theological training. After graduation, she returned home to preach the gospel to her people. After Ciwang passed away, a proposal was put forward in 1958 to set up a Memorial Church in Fushi Village. The proposal got approved, and fundraising began. With the sponsorship of various churches and foreign believers, the construction was completed in the summer of 1961. The inauguration ceremony was held on November 29 of the same year. It was named Ciwang Memorial Church.

Dashuiku Hut
大水窟山屋

The far ridgeline in the picture is Dashuiku, which is located in south of Mount Dashuiku, south of Mount Jianshan, and north of Mount Jianshan and North-faced Mountain, on the main ridge of the Central Mountain Range. 

Nearby is a bamboo grassland with a good outlook and a natural pond. The Qing soldiers were once stationed here in the Qing period and named the camp Shuiku. Today, the pottery fragments left by the life of the people at that time can be found on site. Furthermore, this area was the prefectural boundary for Taichung and Hualien during the Japanese occupation period, and a checkpoint was set up. Currently, there are still traces of the stacked stone foundation. There are also semi-circular iron pipes on site, which were left from the Japanese occupation period when the water source of the Dashuiku was drawn from the pond in the north.

Dashuiku
影像為大水窟池東北方的高處俯瞰大水窟山屋與日越嶺道。

Dashuiku has been a traffic hub since the Qing Dynasty. The Batongguan Historic Trail from the Qing period was completed in the first year of Guangxu (1875). Since then, a camp was set up on the east side of the Dashuiku pond, and today there are remaining ceramic fragments on site that after being studied by archaeologists, they are products of Fujian Dehua kilns during the Xianfeng and Tongzhi reigns of the Qing Dynasty. The Batongguan Traversing Trail was completed in the 10th year of Taisho (1921). The Japanese set up the prefectural boundary on the roadside on the southwest side of the Dashuiku pond, at an altitude of about 3240 meters, and built a pavilion above it for travelers to rest.
In the 1970s, the Forestry Bureau built a tin and iron mountaineering hut in the south of the pond, but it was destroyed by strong winds and snow. Yushan National Park Management Office built a mountain house with solar power supply, rainwater collection tank and simple toilet on the original site, which can accommodate 24 people.

Historic trail stairs of the Qing period
影像為調查人員於八通關山前峰南稜所找到的石階,約有20多階2.4公尺的石階,成弧形修築,十分壯觀,階梯上鋪滿二葉松針,保存狀況良好,清八通關古道大多沿稜而行,與日治時期越嶺道沿山腰繞,有所差異,影像調查人員以山刀清除古道階梯上方的植物。

The Batongguan trail of the Qing period begins from the Batongguan campsite of the Qing period, crossing the upper reaches of the Laonong River, along the southern edge of the front peak of the Batongguan to the northern edge of Mount Zhizhu, where it intersected with the traversing historic trail from the Japanese occupation period. Continue climbing along the edge and you will reach the Dujuan saddle.

Shimen Historic Battlefield
原為西鄉都督遺跡碑,戰後題字改為澄清海宇還我河山

The Shimen Historic Battlefield is located at the junction of Checheng Township and Mudan Township in Pingtung County, in the hilly and mountainous areas of the Sichong River and its tributaries. Since the Mudan incident, the Japanese have been calling the place Shimen. In the post-war period, the village and township was named after it. 

As a fact, the former Monument of Commander Saigo Judo and the Monument of the Loyal Soul (in memory of the Japanese soldiers who were killed in the battle between indigenous peoples) were built to commemorate the Mudan Incident. In the post-war period, the monuments were deemed a humiliation to the country, and thus the words on the monument were replaced to commend the anti-Japanese spirit of the indigenous peoples.